Tonga Phone Numbers: A Complete Guide for Developers

Learn everything about Tonga phone numbers and the +676 country code. This comprehensive guide covers phone number formatting, validation rules, how to call Tonga from the USA and internationally, carrier infrastructure, and best practices for developers working with E.164 phone number format.

Quick Reference: Tonga Phone Number Format

• Country Code: +676
• International Format: +676 XXXXX (5-digit subscriber number)
• Number of Digits (after country code): 5
• Landline Format: +676 2XXXX, +676 3XXXX, +676 4XXXX, +676 5XXXX, +676 6XXXX
• Mobile Format: +676 7XXXX, +676 8XXXX
• Emergency Services: 911 (Police, Fire, Ambulance)
• Regulatory Body: Ministry of Meteorology, Energy, Information, Disaster Management, Environment, Climate Change and Communications (MEIDECC)
• Number Portability: Supported – verify current status with your carrier

How to Call Tonga from the USA and Internationally

Calling Tonga from the United States or any other country requires the correct dialing sequence:

Dialing Tonga from the USA or Canada

To call Tonga from North America, follow this format:

011 - 676 - XXXXX

Step-by-step dialing instructions:

1. Dial 011 – US/Canada international exit code
2. Dial 676 – Tonga country code
3. Dial the 5-digit phone number – The local subscriber number

Example: To call +676 21234 from the USA, dial 011-676-21234.

Calling Tonga from Other Countries

From countries outside North America, replace 011 with your local international dialing prefix:

• From UK: 00-676-XXXXX
• From Australia: 0011-676-XXXXX
• From New Zealand: 00-676-XXXXX
• From Mobile (worldwide): +676-XXXXX (the + symbol replaces the international prefix)

Mobile Tip: When dialing from a mobile phone, you can typically press and hold the "0" key to insert a "+" symbol, then dial +676 followed by the 5-digit number.

Understanding Tonga's Phone Numbering System

Tonga uses a straightforward 5-digit subscriber number system following the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) E.164 standard. The country code +676 prefixes all international calls to Tonga.

Tonga Phone Number Structure Explained

Tongan phone numbers follow this structure:

+676 XXXXX

Where:

• +676 represents the country code for Tonga
• XXXXX represents a 5-digit subscriber number

The first digit of the subscriber number indicates the service type according to the National Numbering Plan 2018 (ITU Communication 12.XII.2023):

• 2, 3, 4, 5: Fixed-line (landline) numbers allocated to geographic services
• 6: Fixed-line numbers (ranges 60–79 allocated to TCC for geographic services)
• 7: Mobile numbers and VoIP services (720–780 allocated to TCC; 700–790 used by various providers)
• 8: Mobile numbers (840–890 allocated to Digicel)
• 0, 1, 9: Reserved for special services (0800 toll-free numbers, 9XX short codes for emergency/internal services)

Note for developers: When validating standard subscriber phone numbers, accept first digits 2–8. Digits 0, 1, and 9 are primarily used for special service codes and must be handled separately if your application supports toll-free or short code numbers.

Tonga Area Codes by Region

While Tonga uses a unified 5-digit numbering system without traditional area codes, geographic prefixes indicate specific regions:

Tongatapu Island Group (Capital Region):

• 20-29: Nuku'alofa (capital city)
• 29: Pea
• 31-32: Mua
• 33-34: Kolonga
• 35-36: Nakulo
• 37-38: Vaini

Other Island Groups:

• 60: Ha'apai
• 70-71, 74, 79: Neiafu (Vava'u)
• 80: Niuafo'ou
• 85: Niuatoputapu

Mobile Prefixes by Island Group:

• 87: Tongatapu Island Group
• 88: Vava'u Island Group
• 89: Ha'apai Island Group

How to Format Tonga Phone Numbers Correctly

Format Tongan phone numbers differently depending on the context:

International Format (E.164):

+67612345
+67671234

National Format:

2-1234
7-1234

Display Format (User-Friendly):

+676 2-1234
+676 7-1234

When to Use Each Format:

• E.164 (storage): Use for database storage, API calls, and backend processing. This format ensures global uniqueness and eliminates ambiguity.
• National format: Use when dialing within Tonga or displaying to local users who understand the context.
• Display format: Use for user interfaces, reports, and customer-facing materials where readability matters.

How to Validate Tonga Phone Numbers

Build applications that handle Tongan phone numbers with proper validation to ensure data quality and prevent errors.

Phone Number Validation Rules for Tonga

A valid Tongan phone number must meet these criteria:

1. Start with the country code +676 (for international format)
2. Contain exactly 5 digits after the country code
3. Begin with 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 (first digit of subscriber number)
4. Contain only numeric characters (no letters or special characters except the leading +)

Common Validation Errors and Troubleshooting

Watch for these common errors when validating Tonga phone numbers:

• Incorrect length: Tonga uses exactly 5 digits after +676. Reject numbers with 6+ or fewer than 5 digits.
• Invalid first digit: Numbers starting with 0, 1, or 9 (after country code) are special services, not standard subscriber numbers. Validate these separately if your application supports them.
• Missing country code: Always require +676 for international storage. Accept national format (5 digits only) only with explicit user context.
• Whitespace and formatting characters: Strip spaces, hyphens, and parentheses before validation: +676 7-1234 → +67671234.
• Landline vs. mobile confusion: Numbers starting with 2–6 are landlines; 7–8 are mobile. Some services (like SMS) only work with mobile numbers.

Regular Expression Patterns for Tonga Phone Numbers

Use these regular expressions to validate Tongan phone numbers:

International Format (E.164):

^\+676[2-8]\d{4}$

Explanation:

• ^ – Start of string
• \+676 – Country code
• [2-8] – First digit (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8)
• \d{4} – Remaining 4 digits
• $ – End of string

National Format:

^[2-8]\d{4}$

Flexible Format (with optional country code and separators):

^(\+?676[-\s]?)?[2-8]\d{4}$

This pattern accepts:

• +676 21234
• +676-21234
• 676 21234
• 21234

Code Example: JavaScript Phone Number Validation

function validateTongaPhoneNumber(phoneNumber) {
  // Remove whitespace and hyphens
  const cleaned = phoneNumber.replace(/[\s\-]/g, '');

  // Check international format
  const internationalRegex = /^\+676[2-8]\d{4}$/;
  if (internationalRegex.test(cleaned)) {
    return { valid: true, format: 'international' };
  }

  // Check national format
  const nationalRegex = /^[2-8]\d{4}$/;
  if (nationalRegex.test(cleaned)) {
    return { valid: true, format: 'national' };
  }

  return { valid: false, format: null };
}

// Normalization function to convert any format to E.164
function normalizeToE164(phoneNumber) {
  // Remove all non-digit characters except leading +
  let cleaned = phoneNumber.replace(/[^\d+]/g, '');

  // If it starts with +676, return as-is (already E.164)
  if (cleaned.startsWith('+676')) {
    return cleaned;
  }

  // If it starts with 676 (missing +), add it
  if (cleaned.startsWith('676')) {
    return '+' + cleaned;
  }

  // If it's 5 digits (national format), add +676
  if (/^[2-8]\d{4}$/.test(cleaned)) {
    return '+676' + cleaned;
  }

  // Invalid format
  return null;
}

// Example usage
console.log(validateTongaPhoneNumber('+67621234')); // { valid: true, format: 'international' }
console.log(validateTongaPhoneNumber('71234')); // { valid: true, format: 'national' }
console.log(validateTongaPhoneNumber('+67691234')); // { valid: false, format: null } – Invalid first digit

// Normalization examples
console.log(normalizeToE164('+676 7-1234')); // +67671234
console.log(normalizeToE164('676 21234')); // +67621234
console.log(normalizeToE164('71234')); // +67671234

Tonga Telecommunications Infrastructure and Network Coverage

Tonga's telecommunications infrastructure has undergone significant modernization in recent years:

1. Mobile Networks: Modern 4G LTE coverage spans major population centers, with commercial 5G networks launched in December 2024 by both Tonga Communications Corporation (TCC) and Digicel Tonga. TCC has over 80,000 cellular subscribers as of 2024, representing more than 50% market share of GSM mobile services.

   5G Deployment: In December 2024, both operators commercially launched 5G services. Digicel launched on November 29, 2024, with 6 sites achieving downlink speeds of 550–600 Mbps. TCC launched in early December 2024 in partnership with Huawei under their U Call brand. Both operators tested 5G capabilities since February 2024 using 2,500 MHz and 3,500 MHz frequency bands. By mid-2025, Digicel had expanded to 15 sites covering approximately 30% of Nuku'alofa's population.

2. Fixed-Line Infrastructure: A fiber-optic backbone connects major islands, complemented by a copper network serving urban areas. Last-mile connectivity solutions address the challenges of reaching remote locations. There were 14,697 main lines in use in 2018 (Source: Wikipedia – Telecommunications in Tonga).

   Geographic Coverage: Mobile coverage is strongest in Tongatapu (where capital Nuku'alofa is located), Vava'u, and Ha'apai island groups. Outer islands may have limited or no mobile coverage, relying on satellite communications. Fixed-line infrastructure is concentrated in urban areas, particularly Nuku'alofa, with rural areas having sparse landline availability.

3. International Connectivity: The Tonga Cable System (TCS), completed in 2013, provides vital international bandwidth. Satellite backup systems ensure emergency communications, and redundant routing through multiple submarine cables enhances reliability. However, the TCS has experienced disruptions in the past, notably during the 2019 cable break and the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai eruption (Source: Wikipedia – Tonga Cable System). A second international undersea cable (Tonga Hawaiki Branch System) is currently under construction, expected to be completed in mid-2026 (delayed from original late 2025 timeline), to enhance redundancy and resilience (Source: Australian Infrastructure Financing Facility for the Pacific, USD $32M project funded by Australia and New Zealand).

Major Telecommunications Service Providers in Tonga

When you integrate with Tonga's telecommunications network, you'll work with these major carriers:

1. Tonga Communications Corporation (TCC): The primary telecommunications provider in Tonga, offering mobile (U Call brand), landline, and internet services. TCC manages significant telecommunications infrastructure including the Tonga Cable System.

   • Mobile prefixes: 720–780 (National Numbering Plan 2018)
   • Services: 2G, 3G, 4G LTE, 5G (launched December 2024)
   • Market share: Over 50% of mobile subscribers (80,000+ as of 2024)

2. Digicel Tonga: A major mobile network operator providing GSM services, data, and value-added services. Digicel has invested heavily in network modernization and coverage expansion.

   • Mobile prefixes: 840–890 (National Numbering Plan 2018)
   • Services: 2G, 3G, 4G LTE, 5G (launched November 29, 2024)
   • 5G coverage: 15 sites covering ~30% of Nuku'alofa population (as of mid-2025)

3. Other Licensed Operators: Tonga Cable Limited (international connectivity), TokoWireless Limited/Wantok (VoIP and specialized services, prefixes 540–559)

Developer integration note: For SMS and voice services, integrate with international SMS/voice gateway providers (Twilio, Plivo, Sinch, MessageBird) which have carrier agreements with TCC and Digicel. Direct carrier API access typically requires commercial agreements and local presence.

Understanding each provider's infrastructure and capabilities helps optimize your applications for the Tongan market.

Tonga Phone Number Regulatory Framework

MEIDECC manages telecommunications regulation in Tonga under the Communications Act 2015. The Numbering Rules 2018 establish the framework for telephone number allocation and management.

Key Regulatory Requirements for Phone Numbers:

• Number Allocation: Service providers apply to MEIDECC for number blocks. Each allocation provides 10,000 numbers per mobile or fixed-line application. MEIDECC supports number portability for consumers switching between providers.
• Usage Requirements: Numbers must be used for legitimate telecommunications services. Unused numbers may be reclaimed after specified periods.
• Compliance: Service providers must maintain accurate numbering records and ensure proper routing of emergency calls.
• International Standards: Tonga adheres to ITU E.164 international numbering standards.

Penalties for Non-Compliance

Under the Communications Act 2015 and the Infringement Notice Regime 2019, violations can result in:

• Infringement notices (administrative fines): TOP $1,000–$4,000 issued by MEIDECC without court proceedings
• Criminal prosecution: Fines up to TOP $10,000–$20,000 and/or imprisonment up to 2–5 years for serious violations

Common Violations and Penalties:

• Section 30: Operating without license – $2,000 infringement ($10,000 + 2 years imprisonment if prosecuted)
• Section 35: Non-compliance with license conditions – $2,000 infringement ($10,000 + 2 years if prosecuted)
• Section 36/43: False or misleading information – $4,000 infringement ($20,000 + 5 years if prosecuted)
• Section 156: Accidental damage to communications facilities – $1,000 infringement
• Section 159: General non-compliance – $2,000 infringement

Source: Matangi Tonga, July 10, 2019

Developer and Service Provider Licensing

If you plan to operate telecommunications services in Tonga, you must obtain appropriate licenses from MEIDECC under the Communications Licensing Rules 2017:

Network Operator License (for operating telecommunications infrastructure):

• Application fee: TOP $200
• Annual fee: TOP $1,500 (fixed) + 1.5% of eligible revenues above TOP $2,000,000 threshold
• Required for: Operating network equipment, providing connectivity services

Service Provider License (for providing communications services):

• Application fee: TOP $200
• Annual fee: TOP $1,500 (fixed) + 1.5% of eligible revenues above TOP $125,000 threshold
• Required for: Offering telecommunications services to the public

For most developers: If you're building applications that use existing carrier networks (via APIs like Twilio, Plivo, etc.), you typically don't need a license. Licenses are required only if you directly provide telecommunications services or operate network infrastructure in Tonga.

MEIDECC Contact Information:

• Phone: (676) 20-131 / (676) 20-136
• Address: P.O. Box 1380, Nuku'alofa, Tonga
• Email: info@communications.gov.to
• Website: communications.gov.to

Verify current numbering plans with MEIDECC, as allocations may change based on market demand and regulatory updates.

Future Trends in Tonga Telecommunications

Tonga's telecommunications landscape continues to evolve with significant infrastructure investments and technology upgrades:

Network Modernization and 5G Expansion

The commercial launch of 5G networks in December 2024 marks a significant milestone for Tonga's digital infrastructure. Both TCC and Digicel continue expanding coverage throughout 2025, with Digicel targeting 30% population coverage in Nuku'alofa. Expect additional 5G deployments across other major islands as infrastructure investments continue.

Enhanced International Connectivity

The second undersea cable (Tonga Hawaiki Branch System) scheduled for mid-2026 completion will provide critical redundancy. This USD $32M infrastructure project, funded by Australia and New Zealand, will significantly improve Tonga's resilience against cable disruptions like those experienced in 2019 and 2022.

Number Portability and Service Evolution

Stay informed about these evolving trends. Monitor potential implementations of enhanced number portability, extensions of number ranges for new services, and introductions of new emergency service numbers to ensure your applications remain compatible with Tonga's telecommunications landscape.

Frequently Asked Questions About Tonga Phone Numbers

What is the country code for Tonga?

The country code for Tonga is +676. Prefix all international calls to Tonga with +676 followed by a 5-digit subscriber number. For example, to call a Tongan mobile number from abroad, dial +676 71234.

How do I call Tonga from the USA?

To call Tonga from the USA, dial 011-676-XXXXX where 011 is the US international exit code, 676 is the Tonga country code, and XXXXX is the 5-digit local number. From a mobile phone, you can also dial +676-XXXXX by pressing and holding the 0 key to insert the + symbol.

How many digits are in a Tonga phone number?

Tonga phone numbers consist of 5 digits after the country code (+676). The complete international format is +676 XXXXX. Landline numbers start with 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, while mobile numbers start with 7 or 8.

What does +676 mean?

+676 is the international country calling code for the Kingdom of Tonga in the Pacific Ocean. When you see a phone number starting with +676, it indicates the number is registered in Tonga. All international calls to Tonga must begin with this country code.

Which country has the 676 area code?

676 is not an area code – it's the international country code for Tonga. Tonga uses a unified 5-digit numbering system without traditional area codes. However, the first two digits of Tongan numbers indicate geographic regions (e.g., 20-29 for Nuku'alofa).

What is the difference between Tonga landline and mobile number formats?

Landline numbers begin with 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 (example: +676 21234 or +676 60123), while mobile numbers begin with 7 or 8 (example: +676 71234 or +676 84567). Both follow the same 5-digit structure, but the first digit indicates the service type. This distinction helps identify the number type and route calls differently in your applications.

How do I validate a Tonga phone number in my application?

Use the regular expression ^\+676[2-8]\d{4}$ to validate Tonga phone numbers in E.164 international format. This pattern ensures the number starts with +676, followed by a valid first digit (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8), and exactly 4 additional digits. For national format validation without the country code, use ^[2-8]\d{4}$.

Does Tonga support phone number portability?

Yes, Tonga supports number portability, allowing consumers to switch between service providers (TCC and Digicel) while keeping their existing phone numbers. However, verify current portability status and procedures with your specific carrier, as implementation details and availability may vary by service type.

What format should I use to store Tonga phone numbers in my database?

Store Tonga phone numbers in E.164 format (+676XXXXX) for maximum compatibility and unambiguous international representation. This format eliminates ambiguity, supports international calling, and integrates seamlessly with most telecommunications APIs and services. Use display formatting (with spaces or hyphens) only when presenting numbers to users.

Who regulates phone numbers in Tonga?

The Ministry of Meteorology, Energy, Information, Disaster Management, Environment, Climate Change and Communications (MEIDECC) regulates telecommunications in Tonga under the Communications Act 2015 and Numbering Rules 2018. Contact MEIDECC at (676) 20-131, info@communications.gov.to, or P.O. Box 1380, Nuku'alofa for regulatory information.

What are the emergency numbers in Tonga?

The universal emergency number in Tonga is 911 for police, fire, and ambulance services. According to the National Numbering Plan 2018, emergency services use short code numbers in the 9XX range.

Technical Requirements for Emergency Call Routing:

• All licensed telecommunications operators must route 911 calls to appropriate emergency services
• Emergency calls must be prioritized over regular traffic on all networks
• Operators must provide location information where technically feasible
• Emergency calls are free of charge from all networks

Ensure your applications properly route emergency calls and comply with local emergency services regulations. VoIP and non-traditional telecommunications applications must implement proper emergency call handling per MEIDECC requirements.