Pakistan Phone Numbers: Format, Area Code & Validation Guide

Learn how to format and validate Pakistan phone numbers using the +92 country code. This comprehensive guide covers Pakistan's phone number system for developers building telecommunications applications or integrating with Pakistani services. You'll discover how to implement E.164 formatting, handle Mobile Number Portability (MNP), validate emergency numbers, and ensure PTA compliance.

How to Format Pakistan Phone Numbers: Structure and Standards

Pakistan uses the international country code +92 as assigned by the ITU under the E.164 standard. When writing a Pakistan phone number in international format, always replace the leading 0 with +92 (for example, 0300-1234567 becomes +923001234567). Build applications that handle Pakistani phone numbers correctly by understanding the proper format.

E.164 Format for Pakistan Numbers

The E.164 international format ensures compatibility across CRMs, dialers, and messaging platforms:

• Mobile Numbers: +923012345678 (13 digits total including country code)
• Landline Numbers: +922134567890 (14 digits for major cities like Karachi)

Key Format Rules:

• Remove the leading 0 when adding the country code (+92)
• Mobile codes are 4 digits starting with 03 (e.g., 0300, 0321, 0333)
• Mobile numbers are 7 digits after the mobile code
• Landline area codes are 2-5 digits (e.g., 21 for Karachi, 42 for Lahore, 51 for Islamabad)
• The complete international number cannot exceed 15 digits (E.164 limit)

Pakistan Phone Number Validation Code Examples

// Validate mobile numbers
const isValidMobile = (number) => {
  return /^\+923[0-4][0-9]{8}$/.test(number);
};

// Validate landline numbers
const isValidLandline = (number) => {
  return /^\+92(21|42|51)[0-9]{7,8}$/.test(number);
};

// Example usage:
console.log(isValidMobile("+923001234567")); // true
console.log(isValidLandline("+922134567890")); // true

Number Structure by Type

Note: When dialing domestically within Pakistan, use the trunk prefix 0 (e.g., 0300-1234567 for mobile, 021-34567890 for Karachi landline). Omit the 0 and use +92 directly for international calls.

Pakistan Emergency Numbers: Essential Service Codes

Pakistan's emergency numbers include 15 (Police), 1122 (Rescue/Ambulance), and 112 (Universal Emergency). Ensure your applications handle these emergency numbers correctly, as the system uses short codes for immediate access to vital services.

Core Emergency Numbers

Pakistan's primary emergency numbers:

Warning: Allow emergency number access even when a phone is locked or has no credit. Always enable calls to these numbers, regardless of user status. This is a critical public safety requirement.

Accessibility Compliance for Emergency Dialing

Implement these accessibility features in your application:

• One-tap emergency access from the lock screen
• Voice-activated dialing for hands-free emergency calls
• Location sharing automatically enabled during emergency calls
• Vibration and audio feedback confirming emergency number activation
• No authentication required – bypass all locks and screens

While 1122 is the primary ambulance service number, its coverage focuses on urban areas and expands to remote regions. Other ambulance services, provided by NGOs like Edhi Foundation and Chhipa Welfare Association, operate using different numbers and offer broader coverage in some regions. Incorporate these additional services into your application for comprehensive emergency response. Find more information at rescue.gov.pk.

Validating Emergency Numbers in Your Application

Use this JavaScript snippet to validate emergency numbers with error handling:

// Emergency number validation with error handling
const isEmergencyNumber = (number) => {
  // Handle null, undefined, or non-string inputs
  if (!number || typeof number !== 'string') {
    return false;
  }

  // Normalize input: remove spaces, hyphens, and country codes
  const normalized = number.replace(/[\s\-+]/g, '')
    .replace(/^92/, ''); // Remove +92 prefix

  const emergencyPatterns = [
    /^15$/, // Police
    /^1122$/, // Ambulance
    /^16$/, // Fire
    /^112$/, // Universal Emergency
    /^1099$/ // Women's Helpline
  ];

  return emergencyPatterns.some(pattern => pattern.test(normalized));
};

// Example usage:
console.log(isEmergencyNumber("15")); // true
console.log(isEmergencyNumber("+92 15")); // true
console.log(isEmergencyNumber("911")); // false
console.log(isEmergencyNumber(null)); // false

This function validates emergency numbers by checking input against regular expressions. The some() method efficiently checks if the input matches any defined pattern. The function handles edge cases including country code prefixes, spacing, and invalid input types.

Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in Pakistan: Complete Guide

Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in Pakistan allows users to switch between Jazz, Telenor, Zong, and Ufone while keeping their existing number. The process takes up to 5 working days and is managed by the Pakistan Mobile Number Portability Database (PMD). Account for MNP in your applications to ensure accurate routing and service delivery.

How MNP Works in Pakistan: Regulations and Features

MNP in Pakistan is governed by the "Mobile Number Portability Regulations, 2005" (S.R.O. 763/2005), issued by the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) under the Pakistan Telecommunication (Re-organization) Act, 1996. Pakistan became the first country in South Asia to implement MNP in March 2007.

The Pakistan Mobile Number Portability Database (PMD) was incorporated in 2005 as a centralized, neutral entity managed by all telecom operators to facilitate the MNP system.

Key Regulatory Features:

• Number Retention: Subscribers keep their numbers when switching operators.
• Processing Time: Porting takes up to 5 working days.
• Request Channel: Submit porting requests through the recipient operator.
• Cost Structure: A nominal fee (currently PKR 500) applies to the porting process.
• Non-Discriminatory Access: PTA ensures all operators provide MNP to prepaid and postpaid subscribers equally.

Important: Pakistan processes over 2 million porting requests annually, with a success rate exceeding 95%.

Implementing MNP Functionality

Integrate MNP into your system with these considerations:

1. Real-time Operator Detection: Query the Pakistan MNP Database (PMD) to determine the current operator for a given number. This enables accurate routing of calls and SMS messages.

2. Status Tracking: Monitor the porting process to handle interim states and provide users with updates. Integrate with the PMD's status tracking API and implement notification systems.

3. MNP Request Validation: Validate user eligibility before initiating a porting request. Check for active subscriptions, outstanding dues, minimum subscription age, and CNIC verification.

Retry Logic and Fallback Strategies

Implement robust error handling for PMD API failures:

// PMD query with retry logic and fallback
const queryPMD = async (number, maxRetries = 3) => {
  for (let attempt = 1; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++) {
    try {
      const response = await fetch(`https://pmd-api.example/lookup/${number}`);
      if (response.ok) {
        return await response.json();
      }
    } catch (error) {
      console.error(`PMD query attempt ${attempt} failed:`_ error);
      if (attempt === maxRetries) {
        // Fallback: use prefix-based detection
        return detectOperatorByPrefix(number);
      }
      // Exponential backoff
      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1000 * Math.pow(2, attempt)));
    }
  }
};

// Fallback: detect operator by prefix (less accurate but functional)
const detectOperatorByPrefix = (number) => {
  const prefix = number.substring(3, 6); // Extract 03X
  const operatorMap = {
    '300': 'Jazz', '301': 'Telenor', '321': 'Telenor',
    '310': 'Zong', '311': 'Zong',
    '330': 'Ufone', '333': 'Ufone'
  };
  return { operator: operatorMap[prefix] || 'Unknown', source: 'prefix-fallback' };
};

// MNP validation helper
const validateMNPRequest = async (number, currentOperator, targetOperator, userData) => {
  const requirements = {
    activeSubscription: userData.isActive,
    outstandingDues: userData.balance >= 0,
    subscriptionAge: userData.accountAgeDays >= 90,
    cnicVerified: userData.cnicVerified
  };

  const failedRequirements = [];

  if (!requirements.activeSubscription) {
    failedRequirements.push('Active subscription required');
  }
  if (!requirements.outstandingDues) {
    failedRequirements.push(`Outstanding dues: PKR ${Math.abs(userData.balance)}`);
  }
  if (!requirements.subscriptionAge) {
    failedRequirements.push(`Account must be at least 90 days old (current: ${userData.accountAgeDays} days)`);
  }
  if (!requirements.cnicVerified) {
    failedRequirements.push('CNIC verification required');
  }

  return {
    isValid: failedRequirements.length === 0,
    failedRequirements
  };
};

// Example usage:
const validation = await validateMNPRequest(userNumber, userOperator, targetOperator, userData);
if (validation.isValid) {
  // Proceed with MNP request
} else {
  // Show specific unmet requirements
  console.log('Cannot port number:', validation.failedRequirements);
}

This code validates MNP requests by checking specific requirements against user data. Integrate it with your user database and operator APIs to retrieve the necessary information.

Special Number Categories

Pakistan's numbering system includes special categories like premium and service numbers. Handle these categories properly within your applications.

Premium Numbers

Premium numbers are used for value-added services and come in several types:

1. Golden Numbers: Highly sought-after, memorable sequences (e.g., 0300-1111111) allocated through a PTA-managed auction process. They command premium prices due to their exclusivity. Find more information at goldennumbers.pk.

2. Vanity Numbers: Use alpha-numeric representations (e.g., 0300-FLOWERS) and are assigned through operator-specific programs.

3. Short Codes: Short, easy-to-remember numbers (3 to 5 digits) used for various services.

// Short code validation
const isValidShortCode = (code) => {
  return /^[0-9]{3,5}$/.test(code) &&
         !isEmergencyNumber(code); // Exclude emergency numbers
};

// Example usage:
console.log(isValidShortCode("345")); // true
console.log(isValidShortCode("15"));  // false (emergency number)

This code validates short codes while excluding emergency numbers to prevent conflicts and ensure correct routing.

Service Numbers

Service numbers provide access to essential services like customer support and directory assistance:

Common Service Numbers by Operator

Directory Services:

• Number lookup: 17
• Time check: 1262
• Operator-specific information: Varies by operator

Info: Implement robust error handling for service numbers, as they have specific routing and availability requirements. Test your application thoroughly to ensure correct handling under various conditions.

Number Portability: A Deeper Dive

MNP in Pakistan, managed by the Pakistan MNP Database (PMD) at pmdpk.com/mnp, has significantly impacted the telecommunications landscape, fostering competition and improving service quality.

Service Coverage and Availability

MNP is implemented nationwide, covering all major cities and surrounding regions. Processing occurs during standard business hours (9 AM – 5 PM, Monday-Friday). All major mobile operators support MNP, ensuring broad accessibility for subscribers.

Info: Pakistan processes over 2 million porting requests annually, with a success rate exceeding 95%.

The Porting Process: A Step-by-Step Guide

The porting journey involves several key stages:

1. Initial Request (Day 1): The subscriber submits an application to the new (recipient) operator, providing valid identification and verifying their current service status.

2. Processing Phase (Days 2 – 4): Technical validation, inter-operator coordination, and system updates take place. This phase involves communication between the donor and recipient operators through the PMD.

3. Completion (Day 5): Service migration, number activation on the recipient network, and confirmation SMS to the subscriber.

Implementation Framework: Costs and Quality Assurance

Understand the cost structure and quality assurance mechanisms for MNP integration:

• Cost Structure: Standard porting costs PKR 500 for consumers. Premium services and special number retention may incur additional charges. Operators bear infrastructure, database maintenance, and technical support costs.

• Quality Assurance: The Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) enforces strict quality standards through automated monitoring and compliance requirements (monthly reports, audits, and customer satisfaction surveys).

Technical Architecture and Best Practices

The technical architecture involves a central database managed by the PMD, facilitating communication and coordination between operators. Validation mechanisms include pre-porting checks (number ownership, service eligibility, outstanding payments) and real-time monitoring (transaction logging, error detection, service continuity).

Best Practices for Developers:

• Standardized API Interfaces: Use the PMD's standardized APIs for seamless integration and data exchange.

  javascript

  // Example: PMD API integration
  const pmdClient = new PMDClient({
    apiKey: process.env.PMD_API_KEY,
    baseUrl: 'https://api.pmdpk.com'
  });
  

• Proper Error Handling: Implement robust error handling to manage API failures, incorrect data, and other potential issues.

  javascript

  try {
    const result = await pmdClient.queryNumber(phoneNumber);
  } catch (error) {
    if (error.code === 'RATE_LIMIT') {
      // Implement backoff strategy
    } else if (error.code === 'INVALID_NUMBER') {
      // Return validation error to user
    }
  }
  

• Transaction Status Monitoring: Continuously monitor transaction status to provide users with timely updates.

  javascript

  const monitorPorting = async (requestId) => {
    const interval = setInterval(async () => {
      const status = await pmdClient.getPortingStatus(requestId);
      notifyUser(status);
      if (status.isComplete) clearInterval(interval);
    }, 3600000); // Check every hour
  };
  

• Audit Trails: Maintain detailed audit trails for all MNP transactions.

  javascript

  await db.auditLog.create({
    action: 'MNP_QUERY',
    number: phoneNumber,
    result: operatorInfo,
    timestamp: new Date()
  });
  

Warning: Always verify number portability status before implementing service changes or updates. This prevents disruptions and ensures accurate service delivery.

Future of MNP in Pakistan

The PTA is enhancing the MNP system with planned improvements:

• Reduced porting duration: Target of 24-48 hours (from current 5 days)
• Enhanced security: Two-factor authentication for porting requests
• Automated verification: Real-time CNIC and biometric verification
• Improved user interfaces: Mobile apps for self-service porting

Stay informed about these developments to adapt your applications and leverage the latest features.

Frequently Asked Questions About Pakistan Phone Number Format

What is Pakistan's country code for international calls?

Pakistan's country code is +92. When calling Pakistan from abroad, dial your international access code (011 from the US, 00 from Europe, or + from mobile devices), then 92, followed by the phone number without the leading 0.

How do I format a Pakistan phone number in E.164 format?

E.164 format for Pakistan mobile numbers is +923XXXXXXXXX (13 digits total). For example, a mobile number 0300-1234567 becomes +923001234567. Landline numbers in major cities like Karachi are +922XXXXXXXXX (14 digits total).

What are Pakistan's emergency numbers?

Pakistan's primary emergency numbers are: 15 (Police), 1122 (Rescue/Ambulance), 16 (Fire Brigade), 112 (Universal Emergency), and 1099 (Women's Helpline). Emergency numbers work even when phones are locked or have no credit.

How does Mobile Number Portability (MNP) work in Pakistan?

MNP in Pakistan allows you to switch mobile operators while keeping your number. The process takes up to 5 working days and costs PKR 500. Submit your porting request through your new operator. Pakistan was the first South Asian country to implement MNP in March 2007.

Can I port my mobile number between Pakistani operators?

Yes, MNP is available for all prepaid and postpaid subscribers in Pakistan. You must have an active subscription for at least 90 days, no outstanding dues, and verified CNIC. The Pakistan MNP Database (PMD) manages all porting requests between operators.

What mobile operators serve Pakistan?

Pakistan's major mobile operators include Jazz (largest market share), Telenor, Zong, and Ufone. Mobile prefixes starting with 03 identify mobile numbers, with specific ranges assigned to each operator.

How long does it take to complete number porting in Pakistan?

Number porting in Pakistan takes up to 5 working days from the initial request. The process includes validation (Days 1-2), inter-operator coordination (Days 2-4), and service migration (Day 5).

What is the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA)?

The PTA regulates Pakistan's telecommunications sector under the Pakistan Telecommunication (Re-organization) Act, 1996. PTA oversees MNP regulations (S.R.O. 763/2005), spectrum allocation, operator licensing, and consumer protection.

How do I test MNP integration in my application?

Use the PMD sandbox environment for testing:

1. Register for sandbox API credentials at pmdpk.com/developers
2. Use test phone numbers provided by PMD (e.g., +923001234567)
3. Simulate porting scenarios including success, failure, and timeout cases
4. Validate error handling and retry logic
5. Test rate limiting and concurrent request handling

What are the API rate limits for PMD queries?

PMD API rate limits:

• Free tier: 100 requests/hour
• Standard tier: 1,000 requests/hour
• Enterprise tier: 10,000+ requests/hour (custom limits available)

Implement exponential backoff for rate limit errors (HTTP 429).

What PTA compliance requirements apply to developers?

Developers must comply with:

• Data Privacy: Secure storage and transmission of phone numbers and personal data
• Number Validation: Verify phone numbers before SMS/call attempts
• Emergency Access: Enable emergency number dialing regardless of app state
• MNP Compliance: Query PMD for current operator before routing
• Audit Logging: Maintain logs for regulatory audits (minimum 90 days)
• User Consent: Obtain explicit consent before storing or using phone numbers

Review PTA's Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016 for complete requirements.